Acid Reflux (GERD)Updated 2 years ago
What is Acid Reflux (GERD)?
- Backflow of gastric or duodenal contents into the esophagus.
- Occurs due to incompetent lower esophageal sphincter, pyloric stenosis, or a motility disorder.
- Esophagus can be damaged by acidic gastric secretions and exposure to digestive enzymes.
Etiology
- Stomach abnormalities
- Pregnancy obesity
- Stress
- Smoking
- Acid reflux of food
Clinical Manifestations / Complications
- Belching
- Pyrosis
- Dyspepsia
- Regurgitation
- Dysphagia / Odynophagia
- Hypersalivation
- Esophagitis
- Bleeding
- Aspiration
Diagnostics
pH Monitoring
A small probe is inserted into the nostril and connected to a device that will record: Number of times symptoms present acid levels when client lies down.
Nursing Responsibilities
1. Stop medications that may affect result at least 24 hours prior to procedure. | 5. Avoid caffeine, tobacco, beer, milk, foods containing peppermint or spearmint, and carbonated beverages. |
2. Ensure client understand how to use the monitoring device. | 6. Avoid eating or drinking 2 hours before bedtime. |
3.Teach client to avoid situations that decrease lower esophageal sphincter pressure or cause esophageal irritation. | 7. Maintain normal body weight. |
4. Instruct to eat a low-fat diet. | 8. Avoid tight-fitting clothes
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Medical Management
GOAL: Decrease reflux of gastric secretions
- Diet Modification (Low-fat, high protein, high fiber diet)
- Small Frequent Meals (No meals 2-3 hours before bedtime, Avoidance of reflux promoting food)
- Lifestyle modification
- Sleep on MHBR
- Weight loss
- Smoking cessation
Pharmacological Management
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| H2 Blockers: Ranitidine, Famotidine, Nizatidine |
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